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1 Glauber, Johann Rudolf
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1604 Karlstadt, Germanyd. March 1670 Amsterdam, Holland[br]German chemist and metallurgist.[br]The son of a barber, Glauber took up the study of alchemy and travelled widely in search of its secrets. Around 1639, the political uncertainties of the Thirty Years War persuaded him to leave Germany for a more settled life in Amsterdam. While there, he carried out most of the practical work for which he is famous, including his distillation furnace, which made it possible to reach higher temperatures and to heat substances in a variety of conditions. To earn a living he set up in the wine trade, but he continued his alchemical pursuits, under cover on account of the unpopularity of the would-be gold makers. After the end of the war, he returned to Germany, but in 1655 personal disputes and religious friction drove him back to Amsterdam. He set about constructing the largest and most elaborate chemical laboratory in Europe.Glauber's best-known writing, the Furni novi philosophici (1646–9) gives the clearest idea of his practical methods and was influential on some of the leading chemists of the time and later. His name survives today in Glauber's salt for hydrated sodium sulphate. Glauber described several methods for preparing the mineral acids, materials of great importance to the chemist, and obtained the concentrated acids by using his distilling furnace. He tried distilling any substance he could lay hands on, and in the course of this work became probably the first chemist to distil coal and, using hydrochloric acid, obtain benzene and phenol. Glauber was the best practical chemist of the age and the first industrial chemist.[br]Bibliography1646–9, Furni novi philosophiciFurther ReadingK.F.Gugel, 1955, Johann Rudolf Glauber (1604–1670), Leben und Werke, Würzburg (the fullest account of his life; with a bibliography).P.Walden, 1929, "Glauber", in Das Buch der grossen Chemiker, ed. G.Bugge, Berlin, pp. 151–72 (the best account of Glauber's practical methods).E.Farber, 1961, Great Chemists, New York, pp. 115–31 (an abridged translation of ibid.).LRD -
2 Glauber Johann Rudolf
Глаубер Иоганн Рудольф (1604-1670), химик и врач. Получил чистые азотную и соляную кислоты, многие соли, в т.ч. глауберову (1648). Применил стекло для изготовления химической посуды. Основал промышленное стекловарение в Тюрингии. Получил жидкое стеклоГермания. Лингвострановедческий словарь > Glauber Johann Rudolf
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3 Metallurgy
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Glauber, Johann Rudolf — ▪ German Dutch chemist born 1604, Karlstadt, Bavaria [now in Germany] died March 10, 1668, Amsterdam, Neth. German Dutch chemist, sometimes called the German Boyle; i.e., the father of chemistry. Settling in Holland, Glauber made his… … Universalium
Glauber, Johann-Rudolf — ► (1604 68) Médico y químico alemán. Fue el descubridor de las propiedades medicinales del sulfato de sodio, o sal de Glauber … Enciclopedia Universal
Johann Rudolf Glauber — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Glauber. Johann Rudolf Glauber Johann Rudolf Glauber, né le 10 mars 1604 à Karlstadt am Main en … Wikipédia en Français
Johann Rudolf Glauber — ( 1604 (?); March 10 1670), a German Dutch alchemist and chemist.Born in Karlstadt am Main, he received no formal education and later he moved to the Netherlands and settled in Amsterdam (1655).He might be regarded as a forerunner of contemporary … Wikipedia
Glauber — Glauber, Johann Rudolf … Enciclopedia Universal
Johann Rudolph Glauber — Johann Rudolf Glauber. Johann Rudolf Glauber (Karlstadt, 1604 Ámsterdam, 10 de marzo de 1670) fue un químico y farmacólogo alemán conocido por haber descubierto algunas propiedades medicinales en los minerales, así como por el desarrollo del… … Wikipedia Español
Glauber's salt — Glau·ber s salt .glau̇ bər(z) also Glau·ber salt bər n a colorless crystalline sodium sulfate Na2SO4·10H2O used esp. in dyeing, as a cathartic, and in solar energy systems sometimes used in pl. Glauber Johann Rudolf (1604 1670) German physician… … Medical dictionary
Johann Rudolph Glauber — (* 10. März 1604 in Karlstadt; † 16. März 1670 in Amsterdam), Apotheker und bedeutender früher Chemiker, bekannt vor allem für die Entdeckung der medizinischen Wirkung und die Herstellung von Natriumsulfat, das nach ihm auch „Glaubers … Deutsch Wikipedia
Glauber (disambiguation) — Glauber can mean:* Glauber, a computer software system * Glauber (crater)Glauber can refer to the following people: * Gláuber (footballer), Brazilian footballer * Roy J. Glauber, American physicist * Johann Rudolf Glauber, Dutch German alchemist… … Wikipedia
Glauber — Glauber, 1) Johann Rudolf, geb. 1604 in Karlsstadt; war Arzt u. bes. Alchemist, lebte in den Niederlanden, dann in Salzburg, Kitzingen, Frankfurt a.M., Köln, zuletzt in Holland u. st. 1638 in Amsterdam; er machte in der Chemie mehrere wichtige… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Glauber — Glauber, 1) Johann Rudolf, Arzt und Chemiker, geb. 1604 zu Karlstadt in Franken, lebte in Wien, Salzburg, Frankfurt a. M., Köln und etwa seit 1648 in Holland, wo er 1668 in Amsterdam starb. Seine angeblichen Geheimnisse, namentlich ein… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
